Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia

Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia
Corso di laurea in infermieristica - Sede di Modena

Abstract

According to Italian Ministerial Decree no. 739/94, concerning the definition of the nurse's professional profile, "nursing [...] is of a technical, relational, educational nature”. The main functions are disease prevention, the sick and the disabled assistance of all ages and health education. In recent years, nurses have increasingly taken on the role of educator, in proportion to the increase in educational settings, especially those of patients with chronic illnesses, that are increasingly returning to their homes from hospitals. This thesis wants to treat nursing education to family members and / or caregivers of a child with tracheostomy applied, teaching them to carry out daily home care procedures and to use some precautionary measures to prevent possible complications. In the first part of the elaboration, the characteristics of the aid, the indications of the packaging and the complications are analyzed, through a general overview. The second macro area of the thesis focuses instead on the educational part: the procedures relating to tracheostomy (endotracheal aspiration, dressing, change of the tracheostomy cannula and the fixing system), then go on to analyze possible critical situations related to aid, such as the displacement of the cannula. In this second part, there is also a standardized care planning, realized using NANDA-I, NOC and NIC taxonomies. The final part of the thesis is dedicated to the creation of a small book, in which the child's family members and / or caregivers can find listed the assistance procedures to be performed in the daily practice and some helpful tips. The aim is to make families more autonomous and to improve the child's care process, allowing the child to better live the his illness in his own home.